Japan’s Shinkansen (bullet train) network is world-famous for speed, safety, and comfort. Whether you’re planning a classic Tokyo–Kyoto itinerary or exploring hidden regions, choosing the right Shinkansen route can transform your trip. Here are the top 10 Shinkansen routes in Japan for speed, scenery, and unforgettable experiences.
1. Tokaido Shinkansen (Tokyo – Kyoto – Osaka)
The Tokaido Shinkansen is Japan’s busiest and most iconic bullet train route, connecting Tokyo, Kyoto, and Osaka in about 2.5 hours. This high-speed line is perfect for first-time visitors exploring Japan’s Golden Route. On clear days, passengers enjoy spectacular Mount Fuji views between Tokyo and Shizuoka. With Nozomi, Hikari, and Kodama services running frequently, convenience is unmatched. Business travelers and tourists alike rely on this efficient corridor. If you want the ultimate Shinkansen experience combining speed, scenery, and major cities, the Tokyo–Kyoto–Osaka route is the best place to start.
2. Sanyo Shinkansen (Osaka – Hiroshima – Fukuoka)
Extending west from Osaka, the Sanyo Shinkansen links Kansai with Hiroshima and Fukuoka (Hakata). This route is ideal for history and food lovers visiting Hiroshima’s Peace Memorial Park and Fukuoka’s famous ramen scene. The journey from Shin-Osaka to Hakata takes around 2.5 hours on the fastest trains. Along the way, you’ll pass coastal landscapes and urban skylines. It’s one of the most efficient ways to explore western Japan. If you’re traveling beyond Kyoto and Osaka, this Shinkansen route delivers comfort, speed, and easy access to Kyushu.
3. Tohoku Shinkansen (Tokyo – Sendai – Aomori)
The Tohoku Shinkansen connects Tokyo with northern Honshu, reaching Aomori in roughly three hours on the Hayabusa train. This route is known for speed and seasonal beauty, from cherry blossoms in Sendai to snowy landscapes in winter. It’s the gateway to the Tohoku region’s hot springs, festivals, and scenic coastlines. The ride is smooth and less crowded compared to the Tokaido line. Travelers seeking authentic regional culture and stunning natural scenery will appreciate this long-distance Shinkansen journey through northern Japan.
4. Hokuriku Shinkansen (Tokyo – Nagano – Kanazawa)
The Hokuriku Shinkansen offers a scenic ride from Tokyo to Kanazawa via Nagano. Passing through the Japanese Alps, this route features breathtaking mountain views year-round. It’s popular with travelers visiting Nagano’s ski resorts and Kanazawa’s historic samurai districts and Kenrokuen Garden. The E7 series trains provide spacious seating and modern amenities. In about 2.5 hours, you can escape Tokyo’s urban buzz for traditional charm and natural beauty. This route is perfect for visitors seeking a cultural alternative to the typical Golden Route itinerary.
5. Hokkaido Shinkansen (Aomori – Hakodate)
The Hokkaido Shinkansen connects Honshu and Hokkaido via the impressive Seikan Tunnel, one of the world’s longest undersea tunnels. Traveling from Shin-Aomori to Hakodate takes about one hour. This route is especially magical in winter when snow blankets the landscape. It opens the door to Hokkaido’s seafood, hot springs, and ski resorts. Though shorter than other Shinkansen routes, it’s a technological marvel and a bucket-list train journey. For travelers exploring Japan’s northernmost island, this bullet train ride is both practical and unforgettable.
6. Kyushu Shinkansen (Fukuoka – Kumamoto – Kagoshima)
The Kyushu Shinkansen runs from Hakata (Fukuoka) to Kagoshima-Chuo in about 1 hour 20 minutes. It’s the fastest way to explore southern Kyushu, including Kumamoto Castle and views of Sakurajima volcano. The Sakura and Mizuho services offer smooth, comfortable rides. This route is less crowded than the Tokyo lines, making it relaxing and scenic. Food lovers can explore regional specialties like tonkotsu ramen and Kagoshima black pork. For those wanting to discover southern Japan efficiently, this Shinkansen line is a fantastic option.
7. Joetsu Shinkansen (Tokyo – Niigata)
The Joetsu Shinkansen links Tokyo with Niigata in around two hours. It’s especially popular in winter, transporting skiers to snow resorts near Echigo-Yuzawa. The dramatic seasonal contrast, lush green fields in summer and heavy snow in winter, makes it visually appealing. Niigata is also famous for sake and fresh seafood. This route offers a quieter alternative to busier Shinkansen lines while still providing excellent speed and comfort. Travelers seeking nature, winter sports, or culinary experiences will find this route rewarding.
8. Yamagata Shinkansen (Fukushima – Yamagata)
The Yamagata Shinkansen branches off the Tohoku line and provides access to rural northern Japan. Known as the Tsubasa service, it travels through scenic farmland and mountainous terrain. The route is popular during the cherry blossom and autumn foliage seasons. Yamagata is known for hot springs, fruit orchards, and traditional festivals. Though slower than major Shinkansen lines, it offers charm and tranquility. It’s ideal for travelers seeking off-the-beaten-path destinations and authentic regional culture in Japan.
9. Akita Shinkansen (Morioka – Akita)
The Akita Shinkansen, known as the Komachi service, connects Morioka with Akita. The striking red trains pass through forests, rice paddies, and mountainous landscapes. It’s a scenic ride that feels intimate compared to larger routes. Akita is famous for festivals, samurai towns, and beautiful lakes. This line merges with the Tohoku Shinkansen toward Tokyo, offering seamless travel. For travelers wanting a scenic, culturally rich journey, the Akita Shinkansen provides a memorable experience beyond major tourist hubs.
10. Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen (Takeo Onsen – Nagasaki)
The Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen is one of Japan’s newest bullet train routes, connecting Takeo Onsen and Nagasaki. Branded as the Kamome service, it shortens travel time significantly and offers sleek, modern interiors. Nagasaki’s international history, harbor views, and unique cuisine make this route appealing. Though currently separated from the main Kyushu line, it still improves accessibility to western Kyushu. For travelers exploring Nagasaki and nearby hot springs, this Shinkansen route is efficient and comfortable.
Final Thoughts
Japan’s Shinkansen routes are more than transportation; they’re part of the travel experience. From Mount Fuji views on the Tokaido line to snowy landscapes in Hokkaido, each route offers something unique. Whether you prioritize speed, scenery, or regional culture, these top 10 Shinkansen routes in Japan will elevate your journey.